Dalian Sea Cucumber (formerly known as Liaoshen), a sea thorn ginseng produced in the coastal area of ​​Dalian, also known as "sea rat" and "sea cucumber", is a valuable marine animal that has survived on the earth for 600 million years. According to the "Compendium of Compendium of Materia Medica", sea cucumber, sweet and salty, tonifying kidney, benefiting the essence, taking urination, aphrodisiac treatment, its temperature is warm, and the enemy is participating, hence the name sea cucumber. The sea cucumber meat is tender and nutritious. It is a typical high-protein, low-fat food. It tastes delicious and tastes elegant. It is a famous and famous dish. It is one of the "Haiwei Bazhen", which is the same as bird's nest, abalone and shark's fin. On the elegant hall, it often plays the role of "pressing the axis" and is regarded as one of the souls of Chinese food.

Dalian Sea Cucumber is a specialty of Dalian City, Liaoning Province, and is well-known throughout the country. Dalian sea thorns, thick meat, full of thorns, very good taste. Deeply loved by consumers across the country. Sea cucumbers are produced in the north and south seas of China. The Liaoshen ginseng produced in the Huanghua Sea area was known as the sea cucumber in the Qing Dynasty. It is well-known in China and abroad, and as the only sea cucumber that entered the pharmacy, it was included in the grass in the Ming Dynasty. "Materia Medica from New" pointed out: "Sea cucumber, producing Liaohai is good." It is a echinoderma, edible varieties such as plum ginseng, sea cucumber, black ginseng, ginseng, melon ginseng, jade ginseng, etc., nutrition High value. Dried sea cucumber contains 76.5% protein and 1.1% fat. It also contains inorganic salts, sugars and various nutrients such as phosphorus, iron and iodine. In addition, sea cucumber also has a high medicinal value. According to the drug book, sea cucumber has Bushen Yijing, which has certain curative effect on treating tuberculosis hemoptysis, aplastic anemia and diabetes. Sea cucumber contains an acidic mucopolysaccharide, which has an inhibitory effect on the growth and metastasis of malignant tumors. According to the survey, there are more than 20 species of sea cucumbers available for consumption in China, among which the economic value of sea cucumber, scorpion (Actinopyga miliaris), A. nobilis, and plum ginseng is relatively high. Stichopus japonicus is also called "sand 噀". Sea cucumber. The body is cylindrical and 20-40 cm long. There are 20 tentacles in the front port. There are 4-6 rows of meat spurs on the back and 3 rows of tube feet on the ventral surface. Body color yellow brown, black brown, green brown, pure white or gray white. The Xishui water flow is slow, the seaweed is rich in the fine sand bottom and the bottom of the rock. When the water temperature is high in summer, the sea cucumber will sleep in summer. Dirty when the environment is not suitable. It has a strong regenerative power and can be regenerated after being damaged or cut. Available for consumption. There are many productions in the northern coast of China, which can be cultured by hand. The ginseng (Thelenota ananas). The largest of the sea cucumbers, the body length can reach 1 meter. The spurs on the back are very large, and the base of each of the 3-11 spurs is petal-like, hence the name "Plum ginseng". Because it is very similar to pineapple, it is also called "pine pear". The ventral surface is flat and the tube is small and dense. The mouth is slightly ventral, with 20 tentacles around. The back is orange or orange-red with yellow and brown spots; the ventral surface is red; the tentacles are yellow. It often inhabits coral sands with a depth of 3-10 meters and a few seaweeds. Carapus hoemi is often commensal in the cloaca. Distributed in the Southwest Pacific, I made it in the Xisha Islands. The individual is large and the quality is good. It is the best one for edible sea cucumber in the South China Sea. Cucumaria japonica is also called "cucumber", melonaceae. Shaped like sea cucumber. Usually taupe, but also dark brown, rich purple or yellowish white. The body is fleshy and the surface is smooth. There are 10 tentacles around the mouth. Inhabit the sea. Available for consumption. Light ginseng is a type of sea cucumber. Sea cucumbers are also called sea rats. They are divided into two categories according to their morphological characteristics. One is ginseng and the other is thorn. As the name implies, the light ginseng has no thorns (ie, ridges), and the thorns are thorns on the body. It is often said that sea eggplant, eggplant ginseng, is also a kind of light ginseng, called Huang Yushen, then there is a big black ginseng in Guangzhou also belongs to the light ginseng. The sea cucumbers we said include: square sea cucumber, plum ginseng and gray sea cucumber. Among them, the ash ginseng is also called Liaoshen. It has thick meat, good taste and rich nutritional value, so its quality is the best. Followed by plum ginseng, because the shape of the plum blossoms of the plum blossoms in the shape of plum blossoms, it is named plum ginseng. Again, it is a square sea cucumber. The selection technique of sea cucumber First, it depends on the appearance of sea cucumber. Generally, the sea cucumber is clear and the color is natural. According to the color of the growing environment, it is mainly divided into black, brown, gray, etc., that is, it is not the black of the whole body, and certainly not the whole body. They are all white powders, and the bones of the spurs and the abdomen are generally complete. Secondly, it depends on the foaming effect of the sea cucumber. The meat of the sea cucumber is strong and it is elastic. First, sea cucumber must be dry, sea cucumbers that are not dry are prone to deterioration, and the price of a large amount of water is actually much higher. Second, when buying dried sea cucumbers, we must choose dry cognac. There are many unscrupulous traders in the processing of sea cucumbers. In order to increase the weight of sea cucumber, a large amount of white sugar, colloid or even alum is added. The sea cucumber thus processed does not meet the product quality standards, but because the body is abnormally full, the color is also black and beautiful, which is very large for consumers. Blinding; also need to pay attention to, some sea cucumbers are dyed, the color is very dark outside, the opening of the sea cucumber is also black, the sea ginseng exposed inside is black, visible manufacturers of profitable smoke, see forgiveness The degree of righteousness. Third, when buying dried sea cucumbers, do not blindly pursue the price, and combine the water rate of dried sea cucumbers for comprehensive comparison. A pound of good dried sea cucumber can produce 10 pounds of water-borne sea cucumber, and a pound of inferior dry water does not exceed 5 pounds after the water, even broken and can not eat

Dalian sea cucumber quality technical requirements (1) breeding sea environment. It is located at 120°58' to 123°31' east longitude and 38°43' to 40°12' north latitude. The average temperature of seawater is 12.1 °C, the highest is 25 °C, and the lowest is 1 °C. The tidal range is 1.5 meters to 2 meters (maximum 4 meters to 4.5 meters). The vertical distribution of salinity is consistent, with an average of 30% to 32%. Rich in nutrients. (2) Production process. 1. Nursery: (1) Parental selection: Take 1 to 2 heads/m2 of water, and choose individuals with body length of 20cm or more, body weight of 200g or more, plump without damage, and strong vitality as relatives. (2) Pro-cold management: The cultivation pool has a volume of 10 to 50 m3 per volume. The effective water depth is 1.0m to 1.5m. The stocking density is 30 to 50 heads/m3. After 3 days in the pool, the temperature was raised from 0.5 ° C to 1 ° C per day, and the temperature was raised to 13 ° C to 15 ° C to maintain a constant temperature. Light 700 to 1000Lx. (3) Incubation of eggs: mainly ovulation, supplemented by artificial oxytocin. The hatching density is 5 to 10 grains/m1. The incubation temperature is between 18 ° C and 25 ° C. (4) larval rearing: The larval rearing density is generally 0.3 to 0.6/m1. The water temperature is 18 ° C to 24 ° C, the dissolved oxygen amount is more than 3.5 mg / l, the illuminance is 500 Lx to 1500 Lx, and the ammonia nitrogen is less than 0.45 mg / L. In the early stage of cultivation, the water is changed twice a day, and the amount of each exchange is 1/3 of the water body. In the later stage of cultivation, the water is changed 2 to 3 times a day, and the amount of each exchange is 1/2 of the water body. The single cell algae are administered 2 to 4 times a day, and the daily feeding amount is 1 x 104 to 4 x 104 cells/m1. (5) Cultivation of juveniles. The cultivation density is 0.1 to 0.5/ml. The bait is mainly composed of rat tail algae grinding liquid or artificially mixed bait. After the juveniles are attached, they must be inflated without interruption. The amount of inflation is controlled at 30 to 40 L/m3 per hour. The water temperature is 18 ° C to 27 ° C, the illuminance is 2000 Lx, the salinity is 25 to 33, and the dissolved oxygen is greater than 4 to 5 mg / L. 2. Develop: (1) Bottom broadcast proliferation. Sea area selection: To choose a sea area with small wind and waves, the water quality is clear, the trend is smooth, the flow rate is slow, the bottom of the sea has rock sediments and rocks, and the water depth is 3m to 25m. Release density: 5 to 10 heads / m2. Release time: after April or October to November. Management: The trawler is strictly prohibited in the bottom-propagation area, and the enemy is removed in time. The distribution of the seedlings in the proliferating area was investigated every 6 to 12 months. (2) Pond culture. Pond conditions: no leakage, the bottom of the sediment is better, not too thick silt. The daily exchange capacity of pool water is 30% to 50%, the water depth is 1.5 meters or more, and the area is 2 to 10 hm2. It is necessary to soak, clear pond and fertilizer water before putting seedlings. Artificial reef-building: Reef-building one month before putting seedlings. Artificial reef accumulation should conform to the direction of drainage and drainage, and the spacing should be appropriate. Try to create a reef hole. The height of the reef is 30cm to 60cm. The number of reefs is 150 to 1500 m3/hm2. Seeding: In winter, the wintering seedlings should be carried out when the water temperature reaches 8 °C or higher; in the autumn, the seedlings should be carried out at the water temperature of 20 °C from September to early October. The seedling size is 50 to 4000 heads/kg. The density is 75,000 to 150,000 heads/hm2. Management: Change the water to take a small number of times. The water depth should be deep in the early stage. By changing the water or applying a proper amount of fertilizer, the transparency of the pool water is controlled to 30 to 40 cm. The bait is artificially mixed with bait or crushed large algae. The daily feed amount is 1% to 3% of the sea cucumber body weight, and the bait is not fed when the summer sleep period and the water temperature are lower than 5 °C. 3. Harvest: The weight of sea cucumber is more than 150g, and it can be harvested when the natural elongation of the body is 17cm or more. In spring, winter, and autumn, the water is harvested after harvesting or discharging. 4. Processing: (1) salted sea cucumber. Anatomy: Use a long knife to insert a knife into the abdomen of the sea cucumber, cut a small opening to the front, and grow about 1/3 of the body. After dissection, the intestines and respiratory trees are removed. Wash off the dirt with sea water. Cooking the ginseng: boil the water 4 times the weight of the ginseng and put it into the washed sea cucumber. Heat it with a sizzling heat and stir it with a wooden shovel to make it evenly heated. The floating foam on the water surface should be removed in time, boil for 40 minutes, and cook well. The sea cucumber should be fished out in time. Marinated: remove the cooked sea cucumber, add 40% salt and stir evenly to cool it. After cooling, pour the sea cucumber together with the exuded soup into the tank, and seal the top of the cylinder with the capping salt. Store in a cool place. (2) Dried sea cucumbers. Salt cooking: add about 70% of the saturated salt water in the pot. After boiling, pour the salted sea cucumber into the pot, add 10% of the salt, heat it on the fire, stir gently with a wooden shovel. Remove the floating foam in time; when cooking for 30 minutes, remove a few observations, such as the surface of the body is dry, and there is a granule-like salt crystal. Mixing ash: The sea cucumber after salt cooking should be poured into the wooden trough and hot ash. 10kg of charcoal per 100kg sea cucumber. Drying: natural drying, mechanical drying and low temperature freeze drying can be used. (3) Quality characteristics: 1. Living sea cucumber: The body is cylindrical, with a back bulge, and there are 4 to 6 rows of conical spurs (small spurs) of different sizes. The ventral surface is flat, the tube is dense, and the 3 longitudinal bands are arranged in a less regular pattern. The mouth is on the ventral surface and has 20 tentacles. The breathing tree is developed, but there is no Vickers. Body color is chestnut brown, brown, gray green and other colors. 2. Salted sea cucumber: color: black or brownish gray; fleshy tissue is tight and elastic; body shape is complete, meat is plump, thorn is straight, and the incision is neat; water is ≤70%. Salt ≤ 23%. 3. Dried sea cucumber: color: black gray or gray; full body, thick meat, thorns straight and no defects, less lime in the mouth, neat incision; clean body, no salt crystals, no salt on the body, adhesion Charcoal powder or grass wood ash is less, no impurities; salt ≤ 50%. Moisture ≤ 12%.

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Producers within the scope of protection of Dalian Sea Cucumber Geographical Indication Products may submit an application to the Dalian Municipal Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision for the use of the “Special Mark for Geographical Indication Products”, which shall be approved by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine.