Shangzhou clam shell is a characteristic Chinese medicinal material variety in Xingan County, Jiangxi Province. It is also native to Sanhu Town (the ancient city Shangzhou) of the county, also known as the “Three Lakes Clam Shell”. Due to the special geographical and climatic conditions of Shangzhou, the products have the characteristics of “fruit thick, valgus such as raspberry, and more scallops”. The active ingredients of medicinal value include volatile oil and total flavonoids (orange) Pipi, naringin and organic bases (sinverin, N-methylamine) are superior to other varieties. Shangzhou Shell is well sold in China and has a good reputation in the international market.

The cultivation history of Shangzhou clam shell can be traced back to 265-317 AD (Western Jin Dynasty), and was listed as a tribute to the court during the Song Dynasty. Xingan County of Jiangxi Province was established in the 3rd century BC (Qin Dynasty). It is one of the 18 ancient counties in Jiangxi Province and the birthplace and main producing area of ​​Shangzhou clam. In the Western Jin Dynasty Zhang Hua (232-300 years), "Bei Shi Zhi" records: "There are many kinds of orange pomelo, orange, orange and scorpion are all, Yuzhang County is the real one." Ancient Yuzhang County governs Nanchang, sea faint 16 counties such as Xinyi (now Xingan), Jianshe, Wangcai, etc., except for Xinyi, other counties have not cultivated the history of citrus, orange, orange, grapefruit and other fragrant trees. After the reform and opening up in the 1980s, with the support of relevant state departments, the research results of Shangzhou clam shells continued to emerge, the cultivation technology continued to mature, and the product quality was more stable. It has become a local medicinal material brand in Xingan County and even in Jiangxi Province. It is also one of the first batch of 60 major medicinal materials GAP construction recommended by the relevant departments of the state. Due to the high quality, the sales price in the market is generally 2.0 to 2.5 yuan / kg higher than the Xiang Yu shell. In order to give full play to the quality advantages and brand advantages of Shangzhou Clam Shell, Xingan County registered the “Shangzhou” brand clamshell trademark in 2001. According to the “Regulations on the Protection of Geographical Indication Products of the State”, the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine of the People's Republic of China organized a review of the application for the protection of the plaque GI products in Shangzhou. After passing the examination, it is approved to implement the protection of geographical indication products from Shangzhou clam shell since April 19, 2006. In recent years, in order to promote the expansion and quality improvement of Shangzhou clam shell industry, Xingan County launched the revitalization plan of Shangzhou Clam Shell, combined with industrial poverty alleviation, and built the production and processing base of Shangzhou clam shell, and decided to take 500 years in 5 years. Ten thousand yuan of industry support funds to develop Shangzhou clam shell industry, establish a breeding base for breeding and planting, and extend the industrial chain of Shangzhou clam shell. At present, the planting area of ​​Shangzhou's clam shells is 18,000 mu, and only one household can get an annual net income of 8,000 yuan. In the past two years, 250,000 plants of Cangzhou clam shells have been grafted and cultivated. In 2019, the planting area of ​​the clam shells in Shangzhou will reach 30,000 mu. The production situation of Shangzhou clam shell Shangqiu clam shell (three lake clam shell) has a reputation in history. At the beginning of the 20th century (the end of the Qing Dynasty), it began to decline. In 1940, there were only 997 clam trees in the town, with an area of ​​less than 40 mu. After 1949, the people's government adopted a policy of active encouragement and supported it from the technical aspect. In 1977, Sanhu established the Shangzhou Clam Shell Foundation. [4] After the reform and opening up in the 1980s, with the support of relevant state departments, the research results of Shangzhou clam shells continued to emerge, the cultivation technology continued to mature, and the product quality was more stable. It has become a road in Xingan County and even in Jiangxi Province. The local medicinal materials brand is also one of the first batch of 60 major medicinal materials GAP construction recommended by the relevant state departments. By 2006, Xingan County cultivated Shangzhou clam shell area of ​​1,600 hectares, and established three GAP plantation demonstration gardens and two geographical indication protection nursery bases in Qiqin, Minjiang and Taoxi. In 2004, the county's fruit-bearing clam shell area was 1,000 hectares, and the output was 2,000 tons, accounting for about 40% of the total production in China. Due to the high quality, the sales price in the market is generally 2 - 2.5 yuan / kg higher than the Xiang Yu shell, and there has not been a situation of product backlog. Shangzhou Shell is well sold in China and has a good reputation in the international market. In the 1990s, Japan Tsumura Co., Ltd. sent a special visit to the ecological environment, growth and development, and accumulation of effective content of Shangzhou clam shell for eight consecutive years. South Korea and Southeast Asian countries are also good for the clam shell and its processed products. market. 1. The external sensory characteristics of the Shangzhou clam shell; shape: the cross section of the dried product is 0.6-1.2 cm in thickness, yellow-white, and the eversion is like a basin-shaped (the ancients call it a belly, a lip), and the edge texture is hard. It is not easy to break; the outer surface is greenish brown, tan or dark brown; the number of flaps is 11-14, which is arranged in a chrysanthemum shape, and the juice capsule is reddish brown or dark brown after shrinking. Compared with other clam shell varieties, the above characteristics are characterized by thick flesh, valgus as a basin, and a large number of sacral flaps. Aroma: The special aroma of Shangzhou clam shell orange grapefruit is called “smelly orange” by the people in the place of origin. The meaning of the word “smelly” is “too fragrant”. 2, the intrinsic quality of the clam shell of Shangzhou as a traditional Chinese medicinal material, its medicinal value of active ingredients including volatile oil, total flavonoids 橙 (orange peel, naringin) and organic base (sinverin, N-methyl Cool amine) and so on. According to the data provided by Xu Guoyun and other editors of "Commonly Used Chinese Medicinal Materials and Quality Research", among the dozens of clam shells circulating in China's domestic market, the volatile oil, total flavonoid glycosides and alkaloids are classified as fresh and dried oranges. The shell is the highest, indicating that the intrinsic quality of the stinky clam shell is excellent. Pharmacological special effects Shangzhou clam shell as a traditional Chinese medicinal material, its medicinal value of active ingredients including volatile oil, total flavonoids 橙 (orange peel, naringin) and organic base (sinverin, N-methyl carbamide). The physicochemical and sensory properties of Shangzhou oyster shell, yellow sorrel and lime orange × oyster shell and the physical and chemical properties of Shangzhou oyster shell from different producing areas were compared. The results showed that the physicochemical properties and external sensory traits of Shangzhou oyster shell were superior to those of yellow sorrel and lime orange, and the quality of Shangzhou oyster shell planted in Xingan was the best. It is believed that the excellent quality of Shangzhou clam shell is closely related to the light, heat and water conditions of the original dryland using tidal soil or cultivated red soil and uneven distribution of time and space.

Shangzhou clam shell quality technical requirements (a) species name. Clam shell, which is the Chinese Pharmacopoeia, Citrus aurtantium L. ‘Zhou cheng’ and Citrus aurtantium L. ‘Xiang cheng’. (2) Site conditions. Choose a loose sandy loam with good soil drainage, close to the water source, or a red soil slope with a slope of 10° or less, pH 5.8 to 6.5. (3) Cultivation techniques. 1. Seed collection: It must be harvested from the fine breeding bases within the scope of protection of geographical indication products, and no other varieties are introduced. The selected line is pure, the product quality is stable, and the adult tree without variation is used as the parent tree for collecting the scion, or the mature fruit is collected and collected for seed sowing. 2. Seedling cultivation: (1) Rootstock: Use the genus eucalyptus as the rootstock. (2) Grafting and grafting seedling cultivation: Cut the strong spring shoots or mature summer shoots of the year into the scion. Grafting is carried out by means of citrus single-bud abdomen. (3) Seedlings out of the seedlings: Select first and second seedlings for planting. 3. Seedling colonization: planting in spring. The grafted seedlings were dwarfed and densely planted, and the plant spacing was 3×3 m or 4×2 m, and 74 to 84 plants were planted in acre. (4) Harvesting and processing. 1. Harvest: After the summer heat to 3 days before the summer, pick the sunny day to pick, the harvested fruit should be placed in the shade in time. 2. Processing: drying: Fresh fruit is cut horizontally in time. Cut face up to 70% dry, stack indoor ventilation, sweat for 2 to 3 days, then sun to moisture ≤ 13%, finished packaging. Drying: drying temperature 60 ° C to 70 ° C, time 12 hours, sweating 24 hours, repeated three times, finished packaging. (5) Quality characteristics. 1. Sensory characteristics: the outer surface is greenish brown or dark brown, the profile pulp is yellowish white, the inner capsule is reddish brown or dark brown, the cross section is turned outwards like a basin, and the flesh is 0.6 to 1.2 cm thick. It is hard and not easy to break. Aromatic smell. 2. Physical and chemical indicators: volatile oil ≥ 0.2%, naringin ≥ 5.58%, hesperidin ≥ 5.58%, total flavonoid 甙 ≥ 11.16%, synephrine ≥ 1.235mg / g, N-methyl tyramine ≥ 0.116 mg / g, moisture ≤ 13%, pesticide residues are lower than the standards of the national Chinese herbal medicine GAP regulations.

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Producers within the scope of protection of Shangzhou clam GI products may submit an application to the Quality and Technical Supervision Bureau of Xingan County of Jiangxi Province for the use of “Special Marks for Geographical Indication Products”, which shall be approved by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine.