Potato production in Keshan County began in the late Qing Dynasty and has a history of about 100 years. Rural families have experience in growing potatoes. Due to the superior natural conditions, the planting area has been continuously expanded. Especially after three years of large-scale replacement, the area and output have increased significantly. Since the 1960s, it has been the national potato seed potato production base and commercial potato distribution center. The annual meeting of the potato is Keshan County, the only site to visit. The Heilongjiang Province Potato Improvement Center in Keshan has also been promoted to the National Potato Improvement Center. In recent years, Keshan County has continuously increased the intensity of land transfer work, and has formed a contiguous scale planting with a forest belt grid as a unit, forming a cultivation mode of unified seed collection, and the cultivation level has been greatly improved.

Keshan County, Heilongjiang Province, known as the “black pearl”, is located in the northeastern part of Heilongjiang Province, China. It has fertile black land and is one of the main bases of China's agricultural products and the hometown of potatoes. The main varieties of Keshan potato are Hefeng, Huangmazi, etc. It is popular among the consumers and has become the first choice of many vegetable wholesalers and retailers because of its large size, good taste and high starch content. Keshan County is a key commodity grain base county, soybean base county and potato base county in Heilongjiang Province, and is listed as one of China's 500 grain-producing counties. Food crops are famous for producing “two beans and one wheat”. Keshan County is China's key commodity grain base county, soybean export base county and potato base county. It is known as the “Northern Granary” and “Soybean Town”. “Handsome” brand soybeans and “comprehensive” brand potatoes have been identified as Grade A green food, 32 green food bases, 770,000 mu of green planting area, 3.2 million heads (only) green farming, and 960 green food processing. Enterprises are rising and became the ecological demonstration county of Heilongjiang Province in 2000. In 2013, the total grain output of Keshan County reached 2.4 billion jin, a year-on-year increase of 14.2%. The development of new agricultural management entities has added 270 new cooperatives and won 2 million modern agricultural machinery cooperatives. The aircraft aviation operations are equipped for the first time in agricultural production. The scale of land management reached 2.57 million mu. Innovative rural financial services have made progress, and land management rights and income rights mortgage loans reached 350 million yuan. The implementation of the “2513” project is 2.02 million mu, and the demonstration effect of the modern agricultural science and technology demonstration park, high-yield creation zone and science and technology guarantee land plot is outstanding. The construction of a potato base of 450,000 mu, the second seed potato festival was successfully held, and the popularity of the potato industry increased. Adding 20,000 mu of high-efficiency water-saving sprinkler irrigation and 20,000 mu of artificial afforestation. 14 pig breeding cooperatives were established, and 35 large-scale pig breeding households with annual output of more than 1,000 heads, 428,000 live pigs and 767,000 heads. A total of 152,000 rural laborers were transferred, and labor income was 1.55 billion yuan. In 2013, the potato market in the urban and rural markets of Keshan County traded 500,000 tons of fresh potatoes, and the total retail sales of social consumer goods is expected to reach 2.28 billion yuan, a year-on-year increase of 16%. The first rural credit information center in the province was completed and operated, and financial institutions issued a total of 2.01 billion yuan of loans. Keshan County has excellent natural conditions and is located in the northwestern part of Heilongjiang Province, northeast of Qiqihar, which is the transitional zone from Xiaoxing'anling to the Songnen Plain. It is located at 47°50′50′′-48°33′47′′ north latitude, 125°10′57′′-126°8′18′′ east longitude, and the altitude is 198.7 meters-381.7 meters. The terrain is hilly plain. The total land area is 314,000 hectares and the cultivated land area is 202,000 hectares. Protection of geographical indications of agricultural products 10 towns and towns in 15 townships within Keshan County are Gucheng Town, Shuanghe Township, Henan Township, Hebei Township, Xianghua Township, Gubei Township, Beilian Town, Shuguang Township, North Xingzhen and Keshan Towns have a total of 80 administrative villages with a geographical protection area of ​​200,000 hectares, including 27,000 hectares of potato production area and a total output of 800,000 tons. (1) Soil geomorphology: The main topography of the county's landform type is the hilly plain. The overall trend in the territory is high in the northeast and the hills are undulating; the southwest is low in terrain, undulating, and raging. The soil of Keshan County is leaching chernozem, soft and fertile, deep humus layer, rich in organic matter, known as “black pearl”, pH value 6.8-7.0, organic matter content 4.0%, available nitrogen 80-150ppm, The available phosphorus is 14-30ppm, and the available potassium is above 150ppm. The soil topography is very suitable for potato growth. (2) Hydrological situation: The territory is a typical hilly area, with a total surface runoff and groundwater total of 411 million cubic meters, and the available water volume is 244 million cubic meters. There are five rivers in the territory: Nemour River, Wuyuer River, Runjin River, Qilonggou and Taixi River. These rivers have sufficient water storage and no pollution in summer, which is conducive to the development of irrigation water. (3) Climatic conditions: Keshan County is located in the third and fourth accumulation temperate zone of Heilongjiang Province. It belongs to the mid-cold temperate continental monsoon climate. The average annual sunshine hours are 2709.9 hours, the annual average temperature is 1.1 °C, and the effective accumulated temperature of ≥10 °C is 2500 °C. The annual frost-free period is 125 days, and the average annual rainfall is 550 mm. It is concentrated in June-August, which is the period when the potato tubers are swollen and need more water. The above climatic characteristics are suitable for the physiological characteristics of the demand for cold, long-day sunshine and large tuber water and fertilizer required for the growth of potatoes.

Keshan potato (Keshan potato) quality technical requirements I. Variety Suitable for the cultivation of Kexin No. 13, Eugene 885 and other varieties within the scope of production. Second, the site conditions soil type is black soil or chernozem, soil texture is sandy loam soil; organic matter content ≥ 2%, soil pH 6.5 to 7.5, plough layer thickness ≥ 40 cm. Third, cultivation management Rotation: Can not be repeated, should be ≥ 3 years of rotation with potatoes and other non-solanth crops. 2. 3. Sowing and density: The sowing period is from April 25 to May 10, and the number of seedlings per hectare is ≤70,000, which is cultivated by large ridges. 4. Fertilization: Apply high-quality organic fertilizer ≥15,000 kg per hectare per year. 5. Harvest: From late August to late September, when most of the stems and leaves of the plants are yellow, the tubers are easy to separate from the stolons, and the epidermis is harvested when it becomes thicker. 6. Environmental and safety requirements: The use of pesticides, fertilizers, etc. must comply with relevant national regulations and must not pollute the environment. Fourth, the quality characteristics 1. Sensory characteristics: normal potato shape, shallow buds, mouthfeel, sweet, fragrant, no spicy. 2. Physical and chemical indicators: dry matter content ≥ 18%, starch content ≥ 12%. 3. Safety and other quality technical requirements: Product safety and other quality technical requirements must comply with relevant national regulations.

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Producers within the production area of ​​Keshan Potato (Keshan Potato) may apply to the Keshan County Market Supervision Administration of Heilongjiang Province for the use of the “Special Mark for Geographical Indication Products”, which shall be reviewed by the Heilongjiang Provincial Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision for quality inspection. Announcement after approval by the General Administration. The testing organization of Keshan potato (Keshan potato) is selected by the Heilongjiang Provincial Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision in the testing institutions that meet the qualification requirements.