Gastrodia elata Bl. is a valuable Chinese herbal medicine commonly used in China. It belongs to the perennial symbiotic herb of Orchidaceae. It has the functions of preventing liver stagnation, treating vertigo, limb numbness, convulsions in children, etc., and preventing senile dementia, improving memory, enhancing the resolution of human optic nerve and improving sleep.

Lueyang Tianma is produced in the slightly yang of the Qinling Mountains. The quality of Tianma here is superior and the quality is superior. Wild Gastrodia elata is extremely rare. Gastrodia has been rated as a vulnerable species by the World Conservation Union and listed in Appendix II of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES), and is also included in China's National Key In the List of Protected Wild Plants (Second Batch), it is a Class II protected plant. Introduction to the production area Lueyang County is located at the western end of the Hanzhong Basin, north of the Qinling Mountains, south of Bashan, and the Chuanshan-Gansu traffic is the transition zone of the northern subtropical zone and the warm temperate zone. The climate in the territory is mild, the rainfall is abundant, the rain and heat are in the same season, and the sunshine is sufficient, which creates favorable conditions for the growth of biological resources. The growth of gastrodia requires special geographical, climatic and soil conditions, and the suitable area of ​​Tianma in Lueyang County is 1,500 square kilometers. Tianma, located in Jiuzhongjin and Guozhen of the Qinshan Mountains, has high quality and good shape. The content of gastrodin is higher than 50% of the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. It is favored in the market and is well-known both at home and abroad. Among the Chinese herbal medicines in Lueyang County, the first name is Tianma. Tianma, also known as Red Arrow, Dingfengcao, Departing Mother, Ghost Supervisor, etc., is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine, belonging to the symbiotic herb of Orchidaceae for many years, and is listed as the top grade by Shennong Materia Medica. The medicinal part of Gastrodia is underground tubers. No leaf and no root can not carry out photosynthesis, mainly relying on the assimilation of some fungi immersed in the body to obtain growth nutrition, the mystery of its growth and breeding has not been deciphered, so the medicinal gastrodia can only rely on the wild for thousands of years, the quantity is extremely limited. In 2009, Lueyang Tianma was protected by the National Geographical Indications product. The protection scope of Lueyang Tianma GI products is the administrative area under the jurisdiction of Shaanxi Province. In terms of nutrients and medicinal value, Tianma is rich in gastrodin, gastrodia elata polysaccharide, vitamin A, terpenoids, alkaloids, vanillyl alcohol, vanillin, succinic acid, β-sitosterol, mucus, etc. Among them, gastrodin and gastrodia polysaccharide are the main components. Gastrodia elata is a valuable Chinese medicine, often used with Qiongzhen Ganoderma lucidum to treat dizziness, numbness of the limbs, and convulsions in children. [3] The function of Gastrodia elata is mainly for calming the liver and relieving pain. Gastrodia is suitable for dizziness caused by internal wind, but it is not suitable for headache and dizziness caused by a cold. Gastrodia also has the effect of sedation and analgesia, which can increase cerebral blood flow, reduce the resistance of cerebral blood vessels, and slightly reduce the effects of cerebrovascular and other functions. It can lower blood pressure, slow down heart rhythm and protect myocardial ischemia. Therefore, Gastrodia has a certain effect on the treatment of cerebral thrombosis, but it does not play a decisive role. Tianma Run is not dry, the main into the liver, longer than Pinggan Xifeng, where the liver wind movement, head and eyes vertigo, regardless of the real and false, are drugs Tianma has sedative, analgesic, anticonvulsant effect; can increase cerebral blood Flow, reduce cerebrovascular resistance, mildly contract the cerebral blood vessels, increase coronary vascular flow; lower blood pressure, slow heart rate, protect against myocardial ischemia; Gastrodia elata polysaccharide is immune. In addition, because of the gastro-sugar taste, there is no fear. Especially suitable for hemiplegia, neurasthenia, dizziness, whirlwind, head wind headache, limb numbness, vascular nerve headache, cerebral arteriosclerosis, senile dementia, sudden deafness, central retinitis, cervical spondylosis, Meniere syndrome Patients with other conditions eat.

Technical requirements for quality of Lueyang Tianma (1) Source. The red-roded gastrodia cultivation type of the orchidaceae Gastrodia elataBL. (2) Site conditions. Mountains or flats at an altitude of 800m to 1400m; soil pH 5.5 to 7.1, soil type is sandy loam, humus soil or coarse river sand. (3) Cultivation management. 1. Sexual reproduction: (1) Sexual reproduction seed cultivation: The top bud is fresh, full, strong, non-invasive, pest-free, and the individual weight is 200g to 500g. (2) Sowing time: May to mid June. (3) Preparation of production materials: 10 tree pieces (6 to 8 cm in diameter and 50 cm in length) and 1.5 kg in branches (1 to 2 cm in diameter and 5 to 8 cm in length) are prepared for the tree branch of the family Fagaceae in the first half of the cultivation period. 1kg of leaves (natural leaves) and 10 bottles of cultivated fungus, germination bacteria, and 10 capsules. (4) Seeding: cultivation of honey fungus species. To dig the seeding pit, first spread 1cm thick wet leaves on the bottom of the pit, then sprinkle the germinating leaves of the gastrodia seeds on the paved leaves; then place the 5 tree sticks on the seeding layer, the rod spacing is 3cm The honey fungus species and branches are placed between the sticks, covered with a thin layer of sand, and the upper layer is broadcast by the same method, and the top of the cave is covered with sand 10 cm to 15 cm. 2. Asexual cultivation: (1) Selection of hemp species: 1 to 2 generations of hemp species with non-invasive, non-spotted and growing points of sexual reproduction of zero-generation sesame or asexual reproduction. (2) Cultivation time: winter planting and spring planting, winter planting from November to early December, spring planting in March after soil thawing. (3) Preparation of production materials: 10 bars per tree (6 to 8 cm in diameter and 50 cm in length) and 1.5 kg in branches (1 to 2 cm in diameter and 5 to 8 cm in length) are prepared for the tree branch of the family Fagaceae in the first half of the cultivation period. 2 kg of leaves (natural leaves) and a bottle of cultured Armillaria bacteria, 5 sticks of bacteria, 0.25 kg of zero-generation hemp, or 0.5 kg of 1-2 generations of asexual reproduction. (4) Cultivation: Cultivation of Armillaria species. Dig the cultivation pit, first digging the soil at the bottom of the pit, and weaving the leaves 1cm; then draining the three sticks of the two sticks, the rod spacing is 3cm; then 8 to 10 hemps are placed on both sides of the stick and at both ends The branches and honeysuckle branches are placed between the bars; the sand is covered with 1 cm to 2 cm, and the upper layer is cultivated according to the same method, and 15 cm to 20 cm of sand is applied. 3. Management: Drought-proof and moisturizing, flood control and drainage, and prevention of trampling. 4. Environmental and safety requirements: The use of pesticides, fertilizers, etc. must comply with relevant national regulations and must not pollute the environment. (4) Harvesting. Harvesting time is from November to mid-December or March. (5) Processing. After the excavation, it should be washed within 72 hours, cooked for 5 to 7 minutes, and controlled to dry at 50 ° C to 70 ° C. Sulfur fumigation and additives should not be used during processing. (6) Quality characteristics. 1. Sensory characteristics: short, thick, shoulder width, slightly flat, slightly curved, long oval; surface is light yellow, multi-round point-like horizontal ring pattern clear; section without hollow. 2. Physical and chemical indicators: single weight ≥ 20g, gastrodin content ≥ 0.3%, total ash ≤ 4.0%, acid insoluble ash ≤ 1.0%, moisture ≤ 10.0%. 3. Safety requirements: Product safety indicators must meet the relevant regulations of the state for similar products.

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Producers within the scope of protection of Lueyang Tianma Geographical Indication Products may apply to the Hanzhong Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau for the use of the “Special Mark for Geographical Indication Products”, which shall be approved by the Shaanxi Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau and approved by the AQSIQ. The statutory testing agency for Lueyang Tianma is designated by the Shaanxi Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau.