Zhangzhou is the hometown of enamel. Enamel is one of the five famous porcelains of the Song Dynasty in the Song Dynasty. It was named after it was produced in Cangzhou. In the history of Chinese ceramics, it has the reputation of “the kiln is the leader”.

In the late Northern Song Dynasty, the kiln was monopolized by the royal family, and it was specially made for the palace to burn porcelain, that is, "Eunuch porcelain", referred to as enamel. Enamel is a collective name for celadon fired in the kiln of the Song Dynasty. The kiln was burned in the late Northern Song Dynasty and used as a royal porcelain for the court. After the Jinbei Northern Song Dynasty, the kiln was also dying. It was only twenty years before and after the kiln opening time. Due to the short firing time, there were not many handed downs. In the Southern Song Dynasty, enamel was very rare. Today's surviving enamels are generally considered to be 65, including 21 in the National Palace Museum in Taipei, 17 in the National Palace Museum in Beijing, 8 in the Shanghai Museum, and 7 in the Percival David Foundation of Chinese Art. There are about 10 museums and private collections in the United States and Japan. The kiln is famous for firing celadon, and has glaze colors such as azure, sky blue, bean green, and moon white. The azure glaze of the kiln, the glaze contains agate, the color is green and green, the glaze is rich and shiny, like a pile of fat, like a jasper, the sound is like a scent, the texture is very good, there is "like jade and jade." The saying of jade, the color is elegant and natural, and has the reputation of "the rain has passed through the sky."

Quality characteristics The kiln is famous for burning celadon. There are azure, sky blue, bean green, pink, white, and egg green, especially the azure is expensive, the powder is blue, and the sky blue is precious. There is a reputation for "the rain has passed through the sky." The glaze layer is thick and thick, like a pile of fat. It is like a jasper, and the sound is like a velvet. The glazed surface has crab claws, caviar and sesame flowers. The best opening film is also called “looking at present”. The enamel glaze varies according to the light color. It changes from morning to night. The light is more like the sun. The color is yellow and rainy. The color is more green. The best thing to look at is the snowy day. The closest to nature. The celadon of the Song dynasty kiln is mostly sub-surface. The glaze contains agate. The glaze is rich in fat and greasy. If you touch it with your hands, it feels smooth and delicate like a baby's skin. The texture is very good. It is like the jade and the jade is better than the jade. The color is elegant and natural, and it has the reputation of “the rain has passed through the sky”. The kiln porcelain is generally small, and the caliber of the dish, washing, bowl, etc. is generally between 10-16 cm. The more than 20 cm is extremely individual, and there is almost no more than 30 cm, so there is a saying that there is no big kiln. After the Southern Song Dynasty, the works of the kiln were rare, and the glaze color was unique. The physical structure of the glaze layer was contrary to the theory of the porcelain making process. Therefore, the later generations have the reputation of “the crown of the Song Dynasty” for the kiln porcelain. Styling---simplified and simple, simple and practical Song enamel is simple and exquisite, simple and practical, with a grand and elegant style, simple and elegant design concept, and fine craftsmanship, fine craftsmanship, and charm, and the type excludes individuality, 汝The kiln has bottles, statues, bowls, plates, washes, pots, narcissus pots and other daily-use devices, and a few have piles of flowers, prints and other decorations. The shape is divided into a foot, a flat bottom, a three-legged, a concave foot, a sunflower mouth, a narrow plate edge and a wide plate along the various types. There are several types of plates, such as foot, concave, flat, straight and lotus. There are also three-legged washes, string-shaped statues (奁), sets of boxes, statues, square pots, round pots, etc. The enamel carcass is very thick and contains a trace amount of iron. It is grayish white and pale yellow. It is commonly known as the fragrant gray tire. The so-called fragrant gray tire is far from white, close to see, white ash (grass ash). The tires, the soil is fine, the bones are hard, and they are watched with a magnifying glass. There is no impurity in the head, which is strictly controlled in the workmanship. Broken porcelain, because of the opening, the enamel broken edge is not so sharp, not very thin. Historical development Enamel was listed as the first of the five famous porcelains (汝,官,钧,哥,定) in the Song Dynasty of China, and was appointed as the palace royal porcelain. Produced in Linyi, Henan Province, the first year of Sui Emperor's Day (that is, in 605 AD) was set to Linzhou as the state, "enamel" hence the name. The enamel began to burn in the middle of the Tang Dynasty and was famous in the Northern Song Dynasty. It occupied a prominent position in the history of ceramics in China. In the late Northern Song Dynasty, the Song and Jin Wars continued, and it was only 20 years before and after the prosperous, so it was precious. There are only 65 pieces of enamel-born products, and there are only 65 pieces in the world, which are stored in the 17th National Palace Museum in Beijing, 23 in the National Palace Museum in Taipei, 8 in the Shanghai Museum, 7 in the Sir David Dwight Foundation, and the Victoria Abbott Museum. There are more than 10 famous museums and private collections such as Osaka City Toyo Ceramics Museum, Clevelh and St. Louis, USA. The enamel is glazed with precious agate and has a unique color. It has the praise of “Agate is the glaze of ancient glaze”. As the light changes, look at its glaze, like the beauty of "the rain has passed through the sky", warm and simple. The watch has a small opening of the flaps and is called "Pear-skin crab sesame flower". In the Northern Song Dynasty, the enamel watch was often engraved with the word "Fenghua", and the Beijing-Chongqing Minister Cai Jing had engraved the surname "Cai" for Rongji. Since the Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, the court enamelware has been hidden in the inner bank. It is regarded as a treasure and is more expensive than Shang Ding. It is called "there is a wealth of wealth, not as good as enamel." According to the ancient ceramics expert Mr. Chen Wanli: "From the five years of Song Weizong Chongning, up to the first year of Zhezong Yuanyou, it was the heyday of the development of enamel. At that time, the royal family of the Northern Song Dynasty did not hesitate to work and ordered Cangzhou to make celadon. The state white porcelain has awns, the rulers think it is unbearable, and it is desperate to make Celadon in Cangzhou." Enamel has since been chosen as the royal treasure, also known as the official porcelain. In 1952, Premier Zhou Enlai instructed "developing the cultural heritage of the motherland and restoring the production of kiln." After hundreds of experiments and research, in 1958, the first batch of enamel enamel enamel artifacts were first produced by the experts of the enamel enamel factory in Zhangzhou, and in August 1983, the kiln glaze was passed through the enamel factory. The experts successfully tested and obtained the identification of ceramic experts, which all reached and exceeded the level of the kiln in the Song Dynasty. Since then, enamel has become a business card for people in Cangzhou. The typical characteristics of enamel are: "Qing is like the sky, the face is like jade, the wing pattern, the morning star is thin, and the sesame nail glaze is satisfied."