Yaozhou Kiln is one of the treasures of the Han traditional craftsmanship, one of the famous kiln in the Song Dynasty. Located in Huangbao Town, Tongchuan City, Shaanxi Province, it was a Yaozhou rule in Tang and Song Dynasties. It was a famous place for Chinese ceramics firing in the Tang Dynasty. The Song Dynasty further reached its peak and became the largest kiln in China's “six kiln systems”. It is the representative of the northern celadon.

Yaozhou Kiln is one of the treasures of the Han traditional craftsmanship, one of the famous kiln in the Song Dynasty. Located in Huangbao Town, Tongchuan City, Shaanxi Province, it was a Yaozhou rule in Tang and Song Dynasties. It was a famous place for Chinese ceramics firing in the Tang Dynasty. The Song Dynasty further reached its peak and became the largest kiln in China's “six kiln systems”. It is the representative of the northern celadon. In the Tang Dynasty, black glaze, white glaze, green glaze, tea glaze and white glaze green color, brown color, black color and three-colored pottery were burned. Song and Jin are mainly celadon. The Northern Song Dynasty was the heyday of Yaozhou. It was recorded and burned for the court. Jin and Yuan began to decline, and finally at the beginning of the Yuan Dynasty. Yaozhou kiln began in the Tang Dynasty, Yaozhou porcelain: Longfeng inverted pot, fair cup, conscience pot (also known as two-hearted pot) Fengming pot, backflow pot (also known as inverted pot). Each piece has its legend. Yaozhou porcelain craft gift, unique Chinese characteristics, practical collection and ornamental, is a good choice for government gifts, business gifts, foreign affairs gifts. At that time, black, white and celadon were burned, and the celadon in the Song Dynasty was greatly developed. The end of the Northern Song Dynasty was the peak period. Its kiln site is located in Huangbao Town, Tongchuan City, Shaanxi Province. It was formerly known as Tongguan. It belonged to Yaozhou during the Song Dynasty, hence the name “Yaozhou Kiln”, including the kiln of Chenluo Town, Lidi Town, Shangdian Town and Yuhua Palace. It is one of the main producing areas of folk celadon in the northern Song Dynasty. The Yaozhou kiln was dominated by celadon in the late Song Dynasty. The tires were thin and firm, and the glazed surface was smooth and quiet. The color was green and translucent. It was very elegant. The decoration is engraved and printed, the structure is rigorous and full, and the lines are free and smooth. There are many kinds of fabrics inside and outside, such as peony, chrysanthemum, lotus, fish, duck, dragon and phoenix, etc. The style is extensive and body-building, vivid and natural. There are bowls, plates, bottles, cans, pots, incense burners, aromatherapy, squatting, bowls, bowls, etc. Yaozhou kiln is the most famous in the celadon kiln in the north of Song Dynasty. In the 30 years since Shenzong Yuanfeng (1078-1085) and Huizong Chongning (1102-1106), he once burned tribute porcelain for the court. Its extraordinary porcelain craftsmanship and free-spirited style have greatly influenced the kiln in various places at that time and have been widely promoted, thus forming a wide-ranging Yaozhou kiln system from north to south. The Yaozhou kiln is centered on Huangpu Town and includes a number of kiln sites such as Henan Yiyang Kiln, Baofeng Kiln, Xin'an Chengguan Kiln, Guangyin Village Kiln, Guangxi Yongfu Kiln, Neixiang Dayaodian Kiln. Each kiln product is similar to Tongchuan Kiln, and the temperament and glaze color are slightly different only because of the difference in raw materials used. Special product technology: During the Tang and Five Dynasties, the fetus was slightly loose and gray, and the enamel was devitrified and opaque. The celadon carcass in the Song Dynasty was darker, the color of the fetus was grayish brown or grayish purple, the enamel was radiant and transparent, and the glaze was green and green. The glaze is thick in ginger; the gold and yuan are slightly thicker, the color of the fetus is light gray or gray, the glaze is mostly turmeric, and the cyan is less. The enamel is thin and not moist. The decorative technique is mainly based on engraving and printing. The engraving is especially exquisite, the knife method is sharp and smooth, strong and powerful, and the stereoscopic effect is strong. Decorative art, colorful and colorful. The patterns include animals, figures, flowers and patterns. The animals in the pattern include dragons, phoenixes, lions, rhinos, horses, sheep, dogs, cranes, geese, ducks, fish, and crickets. The characters include baby plays, Buddha statues, and Lux. The flowers include lotus, peony, chrysanthemum, plum, and water plants. The pattern patterns are: eight cinnamon lines, triangular lines, and back lines. In the ornamentation, the five generations were simple and generous; the Song Dynasty was rich and varied, and the craftsmanship was exquisite and outstanding; the golden dollar became increasingly simple. The firing process and decoration techniques of Yaozhou kiln have a great influence on all parts of the country. In addition to a large number of kiln imitations in Shaanxi, its skills are also transmitted to Linyi, Qixian, Baofeng and Neixiang in Henan Province. The kiln was passed to the Xicun kiln in Guangdong and Yongfu kiln in Guangxi, forming a huge kiln system headed by Huangbao Town kiln.

Yaozhou porcelain quality technical requirements (a) raw materials. 1. Billet: The preparation of porcelain soil resources within the scope of protection, the dosage is more than 80%, the selection of raw materials to implement the national standards, special art porcelain varieties do not make special requirements. 2. (2) Processing technology. 1. Process: raw material processing → molding → vegetarian burning → decoration → firing 2. Raw material processing: (1) Slurry: ball milling or muddy method, the fineness requires 180 mesh sieve. (2) Glaze: ball milling method, the fineness requires 250 mesh sieve. 3. Molding: (1) Hand-formed blank: Hand-made mud, the moisture content of the mud is between 20% and 25%. (2) Grouting molding manual decoration: the moisture content of the mud is controlled at about 30%, and the specific gravity (density) is 1.4 to 1.5. 4. Sustained: Strong oxidizing flame roasting at a temperature of 850 ° C to 900 ° C. 5. Decoration: use engraving, drawing, ticking, printing, smashing, etc. 6. Firing: firing temperature 1290 ° C to 1310 ° C. (3) Quality characteristics. 1. Sensory features: the green of the sky, the glaze is olive, the green is green, the green is yellow, the whole body is engraved, the lines are smooth, and the pattern is clear. 2. Physical and chemical indicators: (1) Physical indicators: porosity (%) water absorption (%) green body density (g/m3) gloss hardness firing temperature (°C) 0.5-2.00.2-0.52.0-2.5 u003e906-71290-1310(2)Chemical index (%): Name SiO2Al2O3Fe2O3CaOMgOK2ONa2O porcelain tire 55-6025-350.5-1.50-0.50.5-2.80.5-1.50.5-2.8 enamel 65-7011-150.8-2.53.5 -8.20.8-2.00.5-1.50.6-2.13. Safety requirements: Product safety indicators must meet the relevant regulations of the state for similar products.

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Producers within the scope of protection of Yaozhou Porcelain Geographical Indication Products may apply to the Tongchuan Quality and Technical Supervision Bureau of Shaanxi Province for the use of the “Special Mark for Geographical Indication Products”, which shall be approved by the Shaanxi Provincial Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision and approved by the AQSIQ. . The statutory testing agency of Yaozhou Porcelain is designated by the Shaanxi Provincial Bureau of Quality and Technical Supervision.