Dongshan Island, known for its mild climate, smooth flow, clean water and no pollution, is the largest abalone breeding base on the coast of China and the largest county-level abalone breeding base in China.

The abalone cultured in Dongshan Island is commonly found in nine-hole abalone, hybrid abalone (black abalone), and variegated abalone. The nine-hole abalone has an elliptical shape with 6 to 9 breathing holes, and the outer shell is brown, reddish brown or two colors. Hybrid abalone (black abalone) has 3 to 5 breathing holes, the shell color is greenish brown, and the nacre is silvery white with red and green pearl luster. The variegated abalone has 6 to 9 breathing holes, the shell color is russet, the ribs are obvious, the growth line is fine, and the inner layer of the shell has a silvery white nacre and is shiny. Dongshan abalone has long been praised by domestic and foreign customers for its soft and tender meat and delicious taste. The exporting countries are spread all over the world on five continents. At present, the processing of abalone in the region is gradually moving towards deepening and quality. By strengthening the diversification of products, a variety of products such as canned abalone, seasoned abalone and dried abalone have been added, and the added value of the products has been further improved.

Dongshan abalone quality technical requirements (a) varieties. Nine-hole abalone, hybrid abalone (the descendant of the hybrid between Japanese plate abalone and northern wrinkled abalone, commonly known as black abalone), and variegated abalone. (2) Breeding conditions. 1. Selection of farms: Onshore farms should be constructed in a place where the water quality is clean and pollution-free, the salinity is high and stable, the sea area water exchange is good, and the seawater is easily extracted. Suitable seawater salinity is between 27‰ and 34‰, and dissolved oxygen should be above 5mg/L. 2. Water quality: When the sea area is raised, the water flow is selected smoothly. The water quality meets the above conditions of the second type seawater quality. The water quality is clear, the salinity is high and stable, the water temperature does not change suddenly, and the inner bay can resist wind and waves. 3. Manual measures: In the process of factory farming, the culture pond should be equipped with a sunshade net. The water body of the culture pond should be inflated and required to be flow-type aquaculture. The daily water exchange amount is 2 to 4 times of the total water volume. (3) Artificial breeding. Choose the healthy, non-invasive, mature and full-bodied abalone to carry out the cultivation and management of Bao seedlings. When the seedlings are small, the benthic diatoms on the attached plate are the main food. When the individual is about 0.5 cm of juveniles, they are fed with ground stalked vegetable pulp or special abalone seedlings. When the shell is longer than 2cm. Nursery should avoid the summer high temperature period and the winter low temperature period. The suitable seedling water temperature for the seedlings of N. chinensis is 22 °C to 26 °C; the suitable seedling water temperature for hybrid abalone (black abalone) is 18 °C to 25 °C; the suitable seedling water temperature for variegated abalone is between 20 °C and 26 °C. (4) Commodity abalone. 1. Nine-hole abalone and hybrid abalone (black abalone): It adopts two modes of onshore factory farming and sea area cultivating. The feeding materials are mainly Jiangyan and kelp. The bait, diseased abalone and impurities should be removed in time during the breeding process. (1) Onshore planting culture: There are deep-water three-dimensional aquaculture and shallow water-type flat culture. The general culture pond has an area of ​​20 to 30 square meters, and the pool depth is 1m to 1.8m. The abalone culture box is stocked with a special abalone breeding box, and the amount of abalone stored in each box is 20 to 30. (2) Sea area hanging: mainly cage culture and scorpion farming. The culture density should not exceed 300 grains/square meter. 2. Variegated abalone: ​​Because of its slow growth rate, the culture mode is mainly to increase aquaculture in the natural sea area. In the cultured sea area, areas with clear sea water, smooth flow, no pollution, and abundant algae bait should be selected. There shall be no sewage from urban sewage and chemical enterprises near the sea area. The seawater quality of the aquaculture area shall comply with the fishery water quality standard of GB11607-1989. The annual water temperature is between 10 ° C and 31 ° C, and the salinity is above 30 。. (5) Harvesting. 1. Nine-hole abalone: ​​After more than half a year of breeding, when the shell is more than 7cm long, it can be harvested and listed. 2. Hybrid abalone (black abalone): After more than 1 year of breeding, when the shell is more than 8cm long, it can be harvested and marketed. 3. Variegated abalone: ​​more than 2 cm of variegated abalone can be harvested for more than one year. When the shell is more than 6 cm long, it can be harvested and marketed. (6) Transportation and storage. The transported finished abalone can be transported for short-distance transportation. When transporting long-distance, the abalone should be stored in a container containing seawater and capable of supplying oxygen. When the density is high, it should be inflated. The suitable transport water temperature for the three species of abalone is 10 ° C to 22 ° C. Transportation can be carried out by inflating the water tank (box) or by oxygen bagging. The live water tank (box) of the abalone must be cleaned and disinfected. The water quality of the transport water should meet the requirements of the fishery water quality standard of GB11607-1989. (7) Quality characteristics. 1. Sensory characteristics: (1) Nine-hole abalone: ​​the shell is intact, without cracks, long elliptical shape, 6 to 9 breathing holes, the shell is brown, reddish brown or two colors, the screw ribs and the growth line are fine. The nacre is thick and lustrous, the feet are light yellow, the muscles are tough, and the stretch is strong. (2) Hybrid abalone (black abalone): the shell is intact, without cracks, slightly longer elliptical, with 3 to 5 breathing holes, the shell color is greenish brown, the shell is irregular wrinkled protrusions, and the nacre is silver. White with red and green pearl luster, dark yellow stripes on the feet, delicate meat, elastic muscles and strong stretching. (3) variegated abalone: ​​the shell is intact, without cracks, long elliptical shape, 6 to 9 breathing holes, the shell color is russet, the ribs are obvious, the growth line is fine, and the inner layer of the shell has silvery white nacre and luster. The feet are light yellow, and the flesh of the feet is tough and stretchable. 2. Physical and chemical indicators: (1) Nine-hole abalone: ​​protein content of soft body ≥ 12.8%, carbohydrate ≥ 1%, ash ≥ 0.7%, fat content ≤ 1.5%. (2) Hybrid abalone (black abalone): the protein content of the soft body is ≥13%, the carbohydrate is ≥1%, the ash is ≥0.7%, and the fat content is ≤1.5%. (3) variegated abalone: ​​soft body protein content ≥ 13%, carbohydrate ≥ 1%, ash ≥ 0.7%, fat content ≤ 1.5%.

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Producers within the scope of protection of Dongshan abalone GI products may apply to the Dongshan Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau for the use of the “Special Mark for Geographical Indication Products”, which is approved by the General Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine.