Concentric jujube has been cultivated in Tongxin County of Ningxia for more than three hundred years. According to the records of Pingyuan County: "Jujube--Mingmu honey, shaped garden, small size, and nuclear is very fine, which is more than his production." Concentric jujube is an excellent native tree species preserved through long-term natural screening. It is extremely drought-tolerant and is one of the five fine jujube local varieties selected from the development of jujube industry in the whole region during the period of the Ninth Five-Year Plan. As a Hui ethnic group, Tongxin County has a great relationship with the customs of the Hui people. For example, the Hui bowl of tea, the opening of the fasting, and the banquet are all honored by eating red dates, which is very popular among the local Hui people.

Concentric jujube, a type of jujube that is a combination of raw food and dry. The fresh fruit peel is thin, the meat is thick, the quality is fine and crisp, the dried fruit is full of fruit shape, the head is even, the flesh is elastic, the sugar is high, and the nutrition is rich. The concentric jujube tree is strong, the crown is round-headed, the tree poses open, the branching force is strong, and the dryness is strong. The trunk is taupe and the skin is longitudinally split. The crack is shallow and easy to peel off. Concentric jujube has strong adaptability to soil and climate, and is resistant to wind, sand, salt and alkali, especially drought. 1. Fruit characteristics Concentric round jujube tree is strong, the crown is round-headed, the tree pose is open, the hair is strong, and the dryness is strong. The trunk is taupe and the skin is longitudinally split. The crack is shallow and easy to peel off. 1 to 2 years of taupe. The lenticels are denser. Grayish white, protruding, with long thorns. Jujube stocks are large, conical, and there are 1 to 6 jujubes, usually 2 to 3, each with 9 to 18 leaves. The fruit is concentrated in the middle. The leaves are 65 mm long and 34 mm wide. The leaves are dark green. It sprouts in early May, matures in mid-June, and matures in late September. The maturity is relatively consistent. It is harvested in early October and leaves in mid-October. The concentric jujube fruit has a large round shape, a small top, a large base, a longitudinal diameter of 3.72 cm, and a transverse diameter of 3.43 cm. The single fruit weighs 20 grams, and the largest single fruit weighs 25 grams. The size is even and full. The peel is thick, the fruit surface is smooth, and the fruit points are large and small, obvious. In the white ripening stage, crisp ripening period, and ripening period, the color of the peel turns from white to purple. The crispy ripening period is thin and fresh, fleshy, green and white, and the texture is fine and crisp. Fresh jujube edible rate 95.5%, moisture 68%, capacitive solids 25%, sugar content 35%, total acid 0.4%, protein 3.29%, fat 0.87%, fiber 5.7%, starch 1.35%, containing 18 kinds Amino acids, a total of 3% of various amino acids, are rich in multivitamins. Concentric dried dates have a dry rate of 50%, water content of 25% or less, sugar content of 52%, total acid content of 0.86%, dried fruit fruit shape, uniform head, good flesh elasticity, shallow folds, dry body, non-sticky grip The dried fruits can be stored at room temperature for at least 1 year. The concentric jujube nucleus is large, spindle-shaped, with a rough core surface, deep groove, and no seed kernels. 2. Growth characteristics Concentric jujube has strong adaptability to soil and climate, resists wind, sand, salt and alkali, especially drought resistance. In 2005, the concentric area suffered from drought, the effective rainfall was less than 100 mm, and the crops were all produced, but the crops were all produced. The 5 m X6 m plant is 10 kg from the concentric circle of jujube and the yield is 600 kg. Planting in concentric dry mountain areas generally does not cause pests and diseases. Concentric jujube is not subject to freezing damage at minus 30 °C, with low planting technology and good natural growth. Concentric leaves can be planted in the same year, the fruit production time is short, and the fruiting period will be reached after 5 years. The 7-year-old tree is more than 3 meters high, and the average yield per plant is 19 kg, and the yield is stable. The concentric circle of jujubes and floods is called iron-clad crops. A sand dune with an area of ​​about 60 square meters in Huangcaoling Village is blocked in front of the old jujube trees. This jujube tree is called the “life-saving tree” by the local people. Growing Environment Located in the northwest, the Ningxia Plain is a beautiful and rich land of the Jiuqu Yellow River. Here, the light is long, the temperature difference between day and night is large, the land is fertile, and the fruit produced is rich in sugar and rich in nutrients. “Concentric Jujube” is named after it is produced in Tongxin County and its surrounding areas. The birthplace—Dagou Village in Wangtu Town has nearly 500 years of planting history. Concentric jujube is grown in the extremely arid desert and hilly area in central Ningxia. It is natural, green, non-polluting, organic and insect-free. Its jujube has large fruit shape, low moisture content and is easy to dry. The shape of the dried fruit is full, the meat is soft and mellow, and it is the best of the dried dates. It is known as the red agate that grows on the marmot. Historical origins Concentric jujube has been planted for more than 300 years and can be described as a reputation. Here, the jujube fruit is large, bright, fleshy, crisp, sweet and sour, rich in various minerals and vitamins, especially the high content of vitamin C, making it a leader in fruit. Speaking of the concentric date, it is said that there is still some incomprehensible origins of Emperor Yongzheng: In August of 1723, Emperor Yongzheng gave the minister a note of the royal approval: "...Ningxia has a kind of lamb wine. Someone has been in, and now I have not stopped for 20 years. I really like to drink him. I will find some to send it. I don’t have to go in. I don’t want to use it when I’m not using it. Don’t pass a hundred bottles, special.” What is it? The wine can make Emperor Yongzheng want to reach out to the courtiers to eat? More than three hundred years later, when people unveiled the "secret" of lamb wine, they realized that one of the ingredients for making lamb wine was any concentric date that could not be replaced by fruit. So people speculated that it was because of the wide range of concentric dates. Medical effects: Run the heart and lungs, cough, make up the five internal organs, make up the vitality and other functions to give the infinite charm of the lamb wine, so that the emperor Laozi can not resist the temptation of alcohol. Nutritional value Concentric dates are rich in vitamins, amino acids, proteins and calcium, lin, iron, zinc, selenium and other nutrients; especially VC is the highest in fruit content, so red dates have qi, nourishing, lowering blood pressure, softening Significant food supplement effects such as blood vessels and beauty. Therefore, the folks have the reputation of “three jujubes a day, and youth is not easy to be old”. "Compendium of Materia Medica" records: jujube, nutrient-rich therapeutic effect, can strengthen the spleen and stomach, pass the nine sputum, help the twelve meridians, blood and soothe the nerves, etc., known as "blood-filling agents", "live vitamin pills", and "one Dou jujube can reach two buckets of rice and two pounds of sugar. The elderly often eat jujube, which can supplement the body and prolong life. Due to the production of round jujube in Tongxin County, there are many elderly people living here. People planted round jujubes in front of the house, breathing fresh air, and drinking Babao tea prepared with jujube regularly, maintaining a healthy diet and living in the 90s. It is not uncommon for the body to be tough.

Technical requirements for quality of concentric jujube (1) Variety. Local excellent round jujube varieties. (2) Site conditions. Within the protected area, the altitude is below 1800 meters, the soil pH is less than 8.5, the soil organic matter content is greater than 0.81%, and the soil texture is sandy loam, light loam and loam. (3) Cultivation management. 1. Seedling cultivation: using 圃 breeding and grafting. 2. Planting: The spring planting time is from late April to early May, and the autumn planting time is mid-to-late October. The planting density is 417 to 840 plants/ha. 3. Trim: Spring pruning combined with summer pruning. Spring pruning is carried out before germination, and summer pruning is carried out during the growing season. 4. Fertilization: Fertilization is based on organic fertilizer (base fertilizer), and the annual application of organic fertilizer is greater than or equal to 30,000 kg/ha. 5. Environmental and safety requirements: The use of pesticides, fertilizers, etc. must comply with relevant national regulations and must not pollute the environment. (4) Fruit harvesting and drying. 1. Harvesting period: In the first ten days of October, when the soluble solid content of the fruit is greater than or equal to 25 mg per 100 g, it can be harvested. 2. Dry: (1) Naturally dried: The dried jujube fruit is dried to a moisture content of 25% or less. (2) Drying and drying: For the jujube fruit picked, it should be dried in time, and the water content of jujube fruit is less than or equal to 25%. (3) Storage: Sort, package and store the dried jujube fruits. The storage requires dry, ventilated and non-polluting, and the indoor temperature is kept at 5 °C to 15 °C. (5) Quality characteristics. 1. Sensory characteristics: The peel is purple-red, the fruit shape is nearly round, full, with shallow folds and good taste. 2. Physical and chemical indicators: water ≤ 25%; total sugar (g/100g in terms of sucrose) ≥ 50; total acid (g/100g in terms of malic acid) ≥ 0.8; edible rate 90% to 94%; ascorbic acid ( Mg/100g) ≥20. 3. Safety requirements: Product safety indicators must meet the relevant national regulations for similar products.

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Producers within the scope of protection of Tongzhiyuan jujube GI products may submit an application to the Quality and Technical Supervision Bureau of Tongxin County of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region for the use of “Special Marks for Geographical Indication Products”, which shall be examined by the Quality and Technical Supervision Bureau of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region. The General Administration announced the approval. The statutory testing agency for Tongxinyuanzao is designated by the Quality and Technical Supervision Bureau of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region.